2 Kings 22:16

Authorized King James Version

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Thus saith the LORD, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the words of the book which the king of Judah hath read:

Original Language Analysis

כֹּ֚ה H3541
כֹּ֚ה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 1 of 19
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֣ר Thus saith H559
אָמַ֣ר Thus saith
Strong's: H559
Word #: 2 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֔ה the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֔ה the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 3 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
הִנְנִ֨י H2005
הִנְנִ֨י
Strong's: H2005
Word #: 4 of 19
lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if
מֵבִ֥יא Behold I will bring H935
מֵבִ֥יא Behold I will bring
Strong's: H935
Word #: 5 of 19
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
רָעָ֛ה evil H7451
רָעָ֛ה evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 6 of 19
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 7 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמָּק֥וֹם upon this place H4725
הַמָּק֥וֹם upon this place
Strong's: H4725
Word #: 8 of 19
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
הַזֶּ֖ה H2088
הַזֶּ֖ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 9 of 19
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
וְעַל H5921
וְעַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 10 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יֹֽשְׁבָ֑יו and upon the inhabitants H3427
יֹֽשְׁבָ֑יו and upon the inhabitants
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 11 of 19
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
אֵ֚ת H853
אֵ֚ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 13 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
דִּבְרֵ֣י thereof even all the words H1697
דִּבְרֵ֣י thereof even all the words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 14 of 19
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
הַסֵּ֔פֶר of the book H5612
הַסֵּ֔פֶר of the book
Strong's: H5612
Word #: 15 of 19
properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 16 of 19
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
קָרָ֖א hath read H7121
קָרָ֖א hath read
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 17 of 19
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
מֶ֥לֶךְ which the king H4428
מֶ֥לֶךְ which the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 18 of 19
a king
יְהוּדָֽה׃ of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָֽה׃ of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 19 of 19
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory

Analysis & Commentary

Thus saith the LORD, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the words of the book which the king of Judah hath read:

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 22: Rediscovery of God's word brings renewal. The divine name emphasizes Yahweh's covenant relationship with Israel and His sovereign control over historical events. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. In Judah's later history, we see both genuine reforms and deep-rooted corruption, revealing that external religious activity cannot substitute for heart transformation.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 22 takes place during the final century of Judah's existence, 7th century BCE, including Manasseh and Josiah's reigns. The chapter's theme (Josiah's Reform Begins) reflects the historical reality of the worst apostasy under Manasseh followed by the most thorough reforms under Josiah, demonstrating that external righteousness cannot reverse God's determined judgment. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Questions for Reflection

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