2 Kings 17:9

Authorized King James Version

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And the children of Israel did secretly those things that were not right against the LORD their God, and they built them high places in all their cities, from the tower of the watchmen to the fenced city.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְחַפְּא֣וּ did secretly H2644
וַיְחַפְּא֣וּ did secretly
Strong's: H2644
Word #: 1 of 20
properly, to cover, i.e., (in a sinister sense) to act covertly
בְנֵֽי And the children H1121
בְנֵֽי And the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 2 of 20
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 3 of 20
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
דְּבָרִים֙ those things H1697
דְּבָרִים֙ those things
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 4 of 20
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 5 of 20
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לֹא H3808
לֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 6 of 20
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
כֵ֔ן H3651
כֵ֔ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 7 of 20
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 20
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יְהוָ֖ה that were not right against the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֖ה that were not right against the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 9 of 20
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם their God H430
אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם their God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 10 of 20
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
וַיִּבְנ֨וּ and they built H1129
וַיִּבְנ֨וּ and they built
Strong's: H1129
Word #: 11 of 20
to build (literally and figuratively)
לָהֶ֤ם H0
לָהֶ֤ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 20
בָּמוֹת֙ them high places H1116
בָּמוֹת֙ them high places
Strong's: H1116
Word #: 13 of 20
an elevation
בְּכָל H3605
בְּכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 14 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עִ֥יר city H5892
עִ֥יר city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 15 of 20
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
מִמִּגְדַּ֥ל from the tower H4026
מִמִּגְדַּ֥ל from the tower
Strong's: H4026
Word #: 16 of 20
a tower (from its size or height); by analogy, a rostrum; figuratively, a (pyramidal) bed of flowers
נֽוֹצְרִ֖ים of the watchmen H5341
נֽוֹצְרִ֖ים of the watchmen
Strong's: H5341
Word #: 17 of 20
to guard, in a good sense (to protect, maintain, obey, etc.) or a bad one (to conceal, etc.)
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 18 of 20
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
עִ֥יר city H5892
עִ֥יר city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 19 of 20
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
מִבְצָֽר׃ to the fenced H4013
מִבְצָֽר׃ to the fenced
Strong's: H4013
Word #: 20 of 20
a fortification, castle, or fortified city; figuratively, a defender

Analysis & Commentary

And the children of Israel did secretly those things that were not right against the LORD their God, and they built them high places in all their cities, from the tower of the watchmen to the fenced city.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 17: Covenant judgment and exile. The divine name emphasizes Yahweh's covenant relationship with Israel and His sovereign control over historical events. This passage occurs during the decline toward Israel's exile, demonstrating how persistent covenant unfaithfulness leads to national disaster.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 17 takes place during the declining years of the northern kingdom, 8th century BCE, culminating in exile in 722 BCE. The chapter's theme (Fall of the Northern Kingdom) reflects the historical reality of the fulfillment of prophetic warnings as the northern kingdom fell to Assyria due to persistent covenant unfaithfulness. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Questions for Reflection

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