2 Kings 14:23

Authorized King James Version

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In the fifteenth year of Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel began to reign in Samaria, and reigned forty and one years.

Original Language Analysis

שָׁנָֽה׃ year H8141
שָׁנָֽה׃ year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 1 of 19
a year (as a revolution of time)
חֲמֵשׁ In the fifteenth H2568
חֲמֵשׁ In the fifteenth
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 2 of 19
five
עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה H6240
עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה
Strong's: H6240
Word #: 3 of 19
ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth
שָׁנָֽה׃ year H8141
שָׁנָֽה׃ year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 4 of 19
a year (as a revolution of time)
לַֽאֲמַצְיָ֥הוּ of Amaziah H558
לַֽאֲמַצְיָ֥הוּ of Amaziah
Strong's: H558
Word #: 5 of 19
amatsjah, the name of four israelites
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 6 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יוֹאָ֤שׁ of Joash H3101
יוֹאָ֤שׁ of Joash
Strong's: H3101
Word #: 7 of 19
joash, the name of six israelites
מֶֽלֶךְ king H4428
מֶֽלֶךְ king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 8 of 19
a king
יְהוּדָ֑ה of Judah H3063
יְהוּדָ֑ה of Judah
Strong's: H3063
Word #: 9 of 19
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
מָ֠לַךְ began to reign H4427
מָ֠לַךְ began to reign
Strong's: H4427
Word #: 10 of 19
to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel
יָֽרָבְעָ֨ם Jeroboam H3379
יָֽרָבְעָ֨ם Jeroboam
Strong's: H3379
Word #: 11 of 19
jarobam, the name of two israelite kings
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 12 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יוֹאָ֤שׁ of Joash H3101
יוֹאָ֤שׁ of Joash
Strong's: H3101
Word #: 13 of 19
joash, the name of six israelites
מֶֽלֶךְ king H4428
מֶֽלֶךְ king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 14 of 19
a king
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 15 of 19
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן in Samaria H8111
בְּשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹן in Samaria
Strong's: H8111
Word #: 16 of 19
shomeron, a place in palestine
אַרְבָּעִ֥ים and reigned forty H705
אַרְבָּעִ֥ים and reigned forty
Strong's: H705
Word #: 17 of 19
forty
וְאַחַ֖ת and one H259
וְאַחַ֖ת and one
Strong's: H259
Word #: 18 of 19
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
שָׁנָֽה׃ year H8141
שָׁנָֽה׃ year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 19 of 19
a year (as a revolution of time)

Analysis & Commentary

In the fifteenth year of Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel began to reign in Samaria, and reigned forty and one years.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 14: Pride leads to downfall; God's mercy continues. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. This passage occurs during the decline toward Israel's exile, demonstrating how persistent covenant unfaithfulness leads to national disaster.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

Historical Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 14 takes place during the declining years of the northern kingdom, 8th century BCE, culminating in exile in 722 BCE. The chapter's theme (Amaziah of Judah and Jeroboam II) reflects the historical reality of progressive political instability and external threats, particularly from Aram (Syria) and later Assyria. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Questions for Reflection

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