1 Samuel 22:9

Authorized King James Version

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Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּ֜עַן Then answered H6030
וַיַּ֜עַן Then answered
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 1 of 19
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
דֹּאֵ֣ג Doeg H1673
דֹּאֵ֣ג Doeg
Strong's: H1673
Word #: 2 of 19
doeg, an edomite
הָֽאֲדֹמִ֗י the Edomite H130
הָֽאֲדֹמִ֗י the Edomite
Strong's: H130
Word #: 3 of 19
an edomite, or descendants from (or inhabitants of) edom
וְה֛וּא H1931
וְה֛וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 4 of 19
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
נִצָּ֥ב which was set H5324
נִצָּ֥ב which was set
Strong's: H5324
Word #: 5 of 19
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 6 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
עַבְדֵֽי over the servants H5650
עַבְדֵֽי over the servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 7 of 19
a servant
שָׁא֖וּל of Saul H7586
שָׁא֖וּל of Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 8 of 19
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר and said H559
וַיֹּאמַ֑ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
רָאִ֙יתִי֙ I saw H7200
רָאִ֙יתִי֙ I saw
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 10 of 19
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 11 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 12 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשַׁ֔י of Jesse H3448
יִשַׁ֔י of Jesse
Strong's: H3448
Word #: 13 of 19
jishai, david's father
בָּ֣א coming H935
בָּ֣א coming
Strong's: H935
Word #: 14 of 19
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
נֹ֔בֶה to Nob H5011
נֹ֔בֶה to Nob
Strong's: H5011
Word #: 15 of 19
nob, a place in palestine
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 16 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ to Ahimelech H288
אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ to Ahimelech
Strong's: H288
Word #: 17 of 19
achimelek, the name of an israelite and of a hittite
בֶּן the son H1121
בֶּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 18 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֲחִטֽוּב׃ of Ahitub H285
אֲחִטֽוּב׃ of Ahitub
Strong's: H285
Word #: 19 of 19
achitub, the name of several priests

Analysis & Commentary

Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.

Doeg's opportunistic report fulfills the ominous foreshadowing of 21:7. The Hebrew construction emphasizes his foreign identity—'Doeg the Edomite'—suggesting his willingness to betray where Israelite servants hesitated. His reference to David as 'son of Jesse' mirrors Saul's contemptuous language, ingratiating himself with the king. The detail about Ahimelech's lineage ('son of Ahitub') demonstrates careful observation that would later prove lethal. Doeg had been 'detained before the LORD' (21:7) for religious purposes, yet used information gained at the sanctuary for treachery. This chilling example shows how religious observance without heart transformation produces only more effective wickedness.

Historical Context

Doeg had been promoted to oversee Saul's servants, indicating his trusted position. Edomites, descendants of Esau, had a complex relationship with Israel—sometimes allied, often hostile. Doeg's willingness to inform against Israelite priests may reflect cultural distance from Yahweh worship.

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