1 Samuel 20:40

Authorized King James Version

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And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּתֵּ֤ן gave H5414
וַיִּתֵּ֤ן gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 1 of 13
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
יְהֽוֹנָתָן֙ And Jonathan H3083
יְהֽוֹנָתָן֙ And Jonathan
Strong's: H3083
Word #: 2 of 13
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 13
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כֵּלָ֔יו his artillery H3627
כֵּלָ֔יו his artillery
Strong's: H3627
Word #: 4 of 13
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 5 of 13
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַנַּ֖עַר unto his lad H5288
הַנַּ֖עַר unto his lad
Strong's: H5288
Word #: 6 of 13
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 7 of 13
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
ל֑וֹ H0
ל֑וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 8 of 13
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר and said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 13
to say (used with great latitude)
ל֔וֹ H0
ל֔וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 10 of 13
לֵ֖ךְ H1980
לֵ֖ךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 11 of 13
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
הָבֵ֥יא carry H935
הָבֵ֥יא carry
Strong's: H935
Word #: 12 of 13
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
הָעִֽיר׃ them to the city H5892
הָעִֽיר׃ them to the city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 13 of 13
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Analysis & Commentary

And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.

Jonathan dismissed the servant - 'Go, carry them to the city' - creating privacy for his farewell with David. The term 'artillery' (bow and arrows) represented the tools of communication that had served their purpose. Sending the boy away removed the witness, allowing the friends to meet directly despite the danger. Jonathan's instruction was simple but decisive, ending the coded communication phase and beginning their final private moments. Sometimes we must create space for grief and farewell by dismissing others.

Historical Context

The Hebrew term translated 'artillery' refers to bow and arrows. Servants typically carried equipment for their masters. Sending the boy to the city removed him from the field, creating isolation for the friends' parting.

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