1 Kings 7:39

Authorized King James Version

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And he put five bases on the right side of the house, and five on the left side of the house: and he set the sea on the right side of the house eastward over against the south.

Original Language Analysis

נָתַ֞ן And he put H5414
נָתַ֞ן And he put
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 1 of 22
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַמְּכֹנ֔וֹת bases H4350
הַמְּכֹנ֔וֹת bases
Strong's: H4350
Word #: 3 of 22
a pedestal, also a spot
וְחָמֵ֛שׁ and five H2568
וְחָמֵ֛שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 4 of 22
five
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 5 of 22
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מִכֶּ֨תֶף side H3802
מִכֶּ֨תֶף side
Strong's: H3802
Word #: 6 of 22
the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi
הַבַּ֧יִת of the house H1004
הַבַּ֧יִת of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 7 of 22
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
מִיָּמִ֔ין on the right H3225
מִיָּמִ֔ין on the right
Strong's: H3225
Word #: 8 of 22
the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south
וְחָמֵ֛שׁ and five H2568
וְחָמֵ֛שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 9 of 22
five
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 10 of 22
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מִכֶּ֨תֶף side H3802
מִכֶּ֨תֶף side
Strong's: H3802
Word #: 11 of 22
the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi
הַבַּ֧יִת of the house H1004
הַבַּ֧יִת of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 12 of 22
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
מִשְּׂמֹאל֑וֹ on the left H8040
מִשְּׂמֹאל֑וֹ on the left
Strong's: H8040
Word #: 13 of 22
properly, dark (as enveloped), i.e., the north; hence (by orientation), the left hand
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 14 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַיָּ֗ם the sea H3220
הַיָּ֗ם the sea
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 15 of 22
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
נָתַ֞ן And he put H5414
נָתַ֞ן And he put
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 16 of 22
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
מִכֶּ֨תֶף side H3802
מִכֶּ֨תֶף side
Strong's: H3802
Word #: 17 of 22
the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi
הַבַּ֧יִת of the house H1004
הַבַּ֧יִת of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 18 of 22
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הַיְמָנִ֛ית on the right H3233
הַיְמָנִ֛ית on the right
Strong's: H3233
Word #: 19 of 22
right (i.e., at the right hand)
קֵ֖דְמָה eastward H6924
קֵ֖דְמָה eastward
Strong's: H6924
Word #: 20 of 22
the front, of place (absolutely, the fore part, relatively the east) or time (antiquity); often used adverbially (before, anciently, eastward)
מִמּ֥וּל over against H4136
מִמּ֥וּל over against
Strong's: H4136
Word #: 21 of 22
properly, abrupt, i.e., a precipice; by implication, the front; used only adverbially (with prepositional prefix) opposite
נֶֽגֶב׃ the south H5045
נֶֽגֶב׃ the south
Strong's: H5045
Word #: 22 of 22
the south (from its drought); specifically, the negeb or southern district of judah, occasionally, egypt (as south to palestine)

Analysis & Commentary

And he put five bases on the right side of the house, and five on the left side of the house: and he set the sea on the right side of the house eastward over against the south.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of temple furnishings and solomon's palace, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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