1 Kings 14:23

Authorized King James Version

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For they also built them high places, and images, and groves, on every high hill, and under every green tree.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּבְנ֨וּ For they also built H1129
וַיִּבְנ֨וּ For they also built
Strong's: H1129
Word #: 1 of 15
to build (literally and figuratively)
גַם H1571
גַם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 2 of 15
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
הֵ֧מָּה H1992
הֵ֧מָּה
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 3 of 15
they (only used when emphatic)
לָהֶ֛ם H1992
לָהֶ֛ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 4 of 15
they (only used when emphatic)
בָּמ֥וֹת them high places H1116
בָּמ֥וֹת them high places
Strong's: H1116
Word #: 5 of 15
an elevation
וּמַצֵּב֖וֹת and images H4676
וּמַצֵּב֖וֹת and images
Strong's: H4676
Word #: 6 of 15
something stationed, i.e., a column or (memorial stone); by analogy, an idol
וַֽאֲשֵׁרִ֑ים and groves H842
וַֽאֲשֵׁרִ֑ים and groves
Strong's: H842
Word #: 7 of 15
asherah (or astarte) a phoenician goddess; also an image of the same
עַ֚ל H5921
עַ֚ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 15
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 9 of 15
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
גִּבְעָ֣ה hill H1389
גִּבְעָ֣ה hill
Strong's: H1389
Word #: 10 of 15
a hillock
גְבֹהָ֔ה on every high H1364
גְבֹהָ֔ה on every high
Strong's: H1364
Word #: 11 of 15
elevated (or elated), powerful, arrogant
וְתַ֖חַת H8478
וְתַ֖חַת
Strong's: H8478
Word #: 12 of 15
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 13 of 15
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עֵ֥ץ tree H6086
עֵ֥ץ tree
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 14 of 15
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
רַֽעֲנָֽן׃ and under every green H7488
רַֽעֲנָֽן׃ and under every green
Strong's: H7488
Word #: 15 of 15
verdant; by analogy, new; figuratively, prosperous

Analysis & Commentary

For they also built them high places, and images, and groves, on every high hill, and under every green tree.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of jeroboam's judgment and rehoboam's reign, within the book's focus on spiritual decline of both kingdoms under various rulers.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This period (c. 930-850 BCE) saw rapid succession and instability, especially in the northern kingdom.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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