1 Kings 10:25

Authorized King James Version

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And they brought every man his present, vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and garments, and armour, and spices, horses, and mules, a rate year by year.

Original Language Analysis

וְהֵ֣מָּה H1992
וְהֵ֣מָּה
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 1 of 16
they (only used when emphatic)
מְבִאִ֣ים And they brought H935
מְבִאִ֣ים And they brought
Strong's: H935
Word #: 2 of 16
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אִ֣ישׁ every man H376
אִ֣ישׁ every man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 3 of 16
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מִנְחָת֡וֹ his present H4503
מִנְחָת֡וֹ his present
Strong's: H4503
Word #: 4 of 16
a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary)
וּכְלֵ֨י and vessels H3627
וּכְלֵ֨י and vessels
Strong's: H3627
Word #: 5 of 16
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
כֶסֶף֩ of silver H3701
כֶסֶף֩ of silver
Strong's: H3701
Word #: 6 of 16
silver (from its pale color); by implication, money
וּכְלֵ֨י and vessels H3627
וּכְלֵ֨י and vessels
Strong's: H3627
Word #: 7 of 16
something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
זָהָ֤ב of gold H2091
זָהָ֤ב of gold
Strong's: H2091
Word #: 8 of 16
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
וּשְׂלָמוֹת֙ and garments H8008
וּשְׂלָמוֹת֙ and garments
Strong's: H8008
Word #: 9 of 16
a dress
וְנֵ֣שֶׁק and armour H5402
וְנֵ֣שֶׁק and armour
Strong's: H5402
Word #: 10 of 16
military equipment, i.e., (collectively) arms (offensive or defensive), or (concretely) an arsenal
וּבְשָׂמִ֔ים and spices H1314
וּבְשָׂמִ֔ים and spices
Strong's: H1314
Word #: 11 of 16
fragrance; by implication, spicery; also the balsam plant
סוּסִ֖ים horses H5483
סוּסִ֖ים horses
Strong's: H5483
Word #: 12 of 16
a horse (as leaping)
וּפְרָדִ֑ים and mules H6505
וּפְרָדִ֑ים and mules
Strong's: H6505
Word #: 13 of 16
a mule (perhaps from his lonely habits)
דְּבַר a rate H1697
דְּבַר a rate
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 14 of 16
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
בְּשָׁנָֽה׃ by year H8141
בְּשָׁנָֽה׃ by year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 15 of 16
a year (as a revolution of time)
בְּשָׁנָֽה׃ by year H8141
בְּשָׁנָֽה׃ by year
Strong's: H8141
Word #: 16 of 16
a year (as a revolution of time)

Analysis & Commentary

And they brought every man his present, vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and garments, and armour, and spices, horses, and mules, a rate year by year.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of queen of sheba and solomon's wealth, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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