1 Kings 10:12

Authorized King James Version

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And the king made of the almug trees pillars for the house of the LORD, and for the king's house, harps also and psalteries for singers: there came no such almug trees, nor were seen unto this day.

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּ֣עַשׂ made H6213
וַיַּ֣עַשׂ made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 1 of 23
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 2 of 23
a king
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עֲצֵ֤י trees H6086
עֲצֵ֤י trees
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 4 of 23
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
אַלְמֻגִּים֙ no such almug H484
אַלְמֻגִּים֙ no such almug
Strong's: H484
Word #: 5 of 23
almug (i.e., probably sandle-wood) sticks
מִסְעָ֤ד pillars H4552
מִסְעָ֤ד pillars
Strong's: H4552
Word #: 6 of 23
a balustrade (for stairs)
וּלְבֵ֣ית for the house H1004
וּלְבֵ֣ית for the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 7 of 23
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יְהוָה֙ of the LORD H3068
יְהוָה֙ of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 8 of 23
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וּלְבֵ֣ית for the house H1004
וּלְבֵ֣ית for the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 9 of 23
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 10 of 23
a king
וְכִנֹּר֥וֹת harps H3658
וְכִנֹּר֥וֹת harps
Strong's: H3658
Word #: 11 of 23
a harp
וּנְבָלִ֖ים also and psalteries H5035
וּנְבָלִ֖ים also and psalteries
Strong's: H5035
Word #: 12 of 23
a skin-bag for liquids (from collapsing when empty); also a lyre (as having a body of like form)
לַשָּׁרִ֑ים for singers H7891
לַשָּׁרִ֑ים for singers
Strong's: H7891
Word #: 13 of 23
to sing
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 14 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
בָא there came H935
בָא there came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 15 of 23
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
כֵ֞ן H3651
כֵ֞ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 16 of 23
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
עֲצֵ֤י trees H6086
עֲצֵ֤י trees
Strong's: H6086
Word #: 17 of 23
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
אַלְמֻגִּים֙ no such almug H484
אַלְמֻגִּים֙ no such almug
Strong's: H484
Word #: 18 of 23
almug (i.e., probably sandle-wood) sticks
וְלֹ֣א H3808
וְלֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 19 of 23
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
נִרְאָ֔ה nor were seen H7200
נִרְאָ֔ה nor were seen
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 20 of 23
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
עַ֖ד H5704
עַ֖ד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 21 of 23
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
הַיּ֥וֹם unto this day H3117
הַיּ֥וֹם unto this day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 22 of 23
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַזֶּֽה׃ H2088
הַזֶּֽה׃
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 23 of 23
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

Analysis & Commentary

And the king made of the almug trees pillars for the house of the LORD, and for the king's house, harps also and psalteries for singers: there came no such almug trees, nor were seen unto this day.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of queen of sheba and solomon's wealth, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy. The temple represents God's dwelling among His people and foreshadows Christ as Immanuel ('God with us').

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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