1 Kings 1:41

Authorized King James Version

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And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating. And when Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he said, Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע heard H8085
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע heard
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 1 of 19
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֗הוּ And Adonijah H138
אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֗הוּ And Adonijah
Strong's: H138
Word #: 2 of 19
adonijah, the name of three israelites
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 3 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הַקְּרֻאִים֙ and all the guests H7121
הַקְּרֻאִים֙ and all the guests
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 4 of 19
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 5 of 19
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אִתּ֔וֹ H854
אִתּ֔וֹ
Strong's: H854
Word #: 6 of 19
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
וְהֵ֖ם H1992
וְהֵ֖ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 7 of 19
they (only used when emphatic)
כִּלּ֣וּ it as they had made an end H3615
כִּלּ֣וּ it as they had made an end
Strong's: H3615
Word #: 8 of 19
to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitive (to complete, prepare, consume)
לֶֽאֱכֹ֑ל of eating H398
לֶֽאֱכֹ֑ל of eating
Strong's: H398
Word #: 9 of 19
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע heard H8085
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע heard
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 10 of 19
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
יוֹאָב֙ And when Joab H3097
יוֹאָב֙ And when Joab
Strong's: H3097
Word #: 11 of 19
joab, the name of three israelites
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
קֽוֹל Wherefore is this noise H6963
קֽוֹל Wherefore is this noise
Strong's: H6963
Word #: 13 of 19
a voice or sound
הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר of the trumpet H7782
הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר of the trumpet
Strong's: H7782
Word #: 14 of 19
a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved horn
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר he said H559
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר he said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 15 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
מַדּ֥וּעַ H4069
מַדּ֥וּעַ
Strong's: H4069
Word #: 16 of 19
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
קֽוֹל Wherefore is this noise H6963
קֽוֹל Wherefore is this noise
Strong's: H6963
Word #: 17 of 19
a voice or sound
הַקִּרְיָ֖ה of the city H7151
הַקִּרְיָ֖ה of the city
Strong's: H7151
Word #: 18 of 19
a city
הוֹמָֽה׃ being in an uproar H1993
הוֹמָֽה׃ being in an uproar
Strong's: H1993
Word #: 19 of 19
to make a loud sound (like english 'hum'); by implication, to be in great commotion or tumult, to rage, war, moan, clamor

Analysis & Commentary

And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating. And when Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he said, Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's accession and adonijah's rebellion, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

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