1 Corinthians 5:9

Authorized King James Version

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I wrote unto you in an epistle not to company with fornicators:

Original Language Analysis

Ἔγραψα I wrote G1125
Ἔγραψα I wrote
Strong's: G1125
Word #: 1 of 8
to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
ὑμῖν unto you G5213
ὑμῖν unto you
Strong's: G5213
Word #: 2 of 8
to (with or by) you
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 3 of 8
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
τῇ G3588
τῇ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 4 of 8
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἐπιστολῇ an epistle G1992
ἐπιστολῇ an epistle
Strong's: G1992
Word #: 5 of 8
a written message
μὴ not G3361
μὴ not
Strong's: G3361
Word #: 6 of 8
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
συναναμίγνυσθαι to company G4874
συναναμίγνυσθαι to company
Strong's: G4874
Word #: 7 of 8
to mix up together, i.e., (figurative) associate with
πόρνοις with fornicators G4205
πόρνοις with fornicators
Strong's: G4205
Word #: 8 of 8
a (male) prostitute (as venal), i.e., (by analogy) a debauchee (libertine)

Analysis & Commentary

I wrote unto you in an epistle not to company with fornicators—Paul references an earlier, now-lost letter (the 'previous letter') instructing the Corinthians to avoid close association (synanamignymi, "mix together with") sexually immoral people. This verse clarifies that church discipline isn't new; Paul had previously taught separation from persistent, unrepentant sin. Pornos (πόρνος, "fornicator") denotes those practicing sexual immorality as a lifestyle.

The instruction "not to company with" didn't mean zero contact (that's impossible, v. 10) but refusing intimate fellowship—particularly shared meals, which in ancient culture signified acceptance and unity. The church must maintain boundaries distinguishing it from the world while remaining in the world as witnesses. This verse introduces Paul's critical distinction (vv. 10-13) between judging insiders versus outsiders—the church disciplines its members but doesn't police the world.

Historical Context

First Corinthians isn't Paul's first letter to Corinth; he references a 'previous letter' here and possibly in 2 Corinthians 2:3-4, 7:8. Ancient Christians often shared meals (agape feasts, love feasts) expressing unity (Acts 2:42-46). Refusing table fellowship was a strong statement of non-recognition, similar to Jesus eating with sinners to show acceptance (Luke 15:2) versus the church's refusal to eat with the immoral 'brother' (v. 11).

Questions for Reflection