1 Chronicles 6:19

Authorized King James Version

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The sons of Merari; Mahli, and Mushi. And these are the families of the Levites according to their fathers.

Original Language Analysis

בְּנֵ֥י The sons H1121
בְּנֵ֥י The sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 1 of 8
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
מְרָרִ֖י of Merari H4847
מְרָרִ֖י of Merari
Strong's: H4847
Word #: 2 of 8
merari, an israelite
מַחְלִ֣י Mahli H4249
מַחְלִ֣י Mahli
Strong's: H4249
Word #: 3 of 8
machli, the name of two israelites
וּמֻשִׁ֑י and Mushi H4187
וּמֻשִׁ֑י and Mushi
Strong's: H4187
Word #: 4 of 8
mushi, a levite
וְאֵ֛לֶּה H428
וְאֵ֛לֶּה
Strong's: H428
Word #: 5 of 8
these or those
מִשְׁפְּח֥וֹת And these are the families H4940
מִשְׁפְּח֥וֹת And these are the families
Strong's: H4940
Word #: 6 of 8
a family, i.e., circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people
הַלֵּוִ֖י of the Levites H3881
הַלֵּוִ֖י of the Levites
Strong's: H3881
Word #: 7 of 8
a levite or descendant of levi
לַאֲבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ according to their fathers H1
לַאֲבֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ according to their fathers
Strong's: H1
Word #: 8 of 8
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis & Commentary

The sons of Merari (בְּנֵי מְרָרִי)—Merari means 'bitter' or 'sad,' yet this Levitical clan served joyfully in God's sanctuary. Mahli (מַחְלִי 'mild' or 'sick') and Mushi (מוּשִׁי 'yielding') bear names suggesting weakness, yet they bore the heavy tabernacle framework (Numbers 4:29-33)—the boards, bars, pillars, and sockets that gave structure to God's dwelling place.

These are the families of the Levites according to their fathers (אֵלֶּה מִשְׁפְּחוֹת הַלֵּוִי לַאֲבוֹתֵיהֶם)—the phrase emphasizes patrilineal inheritance of sacred duty. Unlike the priesthood (restricted to Aaron's line), all Levi's descendants shared sanctuary service, with Merari's descendants carrying the foundational structural elements. God's choice of the 'bitter' clan for foundational work reveals His pattern: using the weak things to shame the strong (1 Corinthians 1:27).

The Merarites' service—hauling heavy beams and sockets through wilderness—was unglamorous compared to Kohathite care of sacred vessels or Gershonite handling of fine curtains, yet without their burden-bearing, the tabernacle couldn't stand. This foreshadows Christ's foundation-laying (1 Corinthians 3:11) and the Church's need for unsung servants.

Historical Context

Merari's clan received specific assignments during the wilderness wanderings (1400s BC) and continued these traditional roles through the temple period. The Chronicler, writing to post-exilic Levites (450-400 BC) reestablishing temple service with limited resources and workforce, emphasizes that even the 'bitter' and 'mild' clans had indispensable roles. This countered any hierarchical thinking that devalued support roles compared to more visible priestly functions.

Questions for Reflection