Esther Chapter 9 · Verse 9

Authorized King James Version

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And Parmashta, and Arisai, and Aridai, and Vajezatha,

Original Language Analysis

וְאֵ֤ת׀ H853
וְאֵ֤ת׀
Strong's: H853
Word #: 1 of 8
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
פַּרְמַ֙שְׁתָּא֙ And Parmashta H6534
פַּרְמַ֙שְׁתָּא֙ And Parmashta
Strong's: H6534
Word #: 2 of 8
parmashta, a son of haman
וְאֵ֣ת׀ H853
וְאֵ֣ת׀
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 8
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲרִיסַ֔י and Arisai H747
אֲרִיסַ֔י and Arisai
Strong's: H747
Word #: 4 of 8
arisai, a son of haman
וְאֵ֥ת׀ H853
וְאֵ֥ת׀
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 8
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲרִדַ֖י and Aridai H742
אֲרִדַ֖י and Aridai
Strong's: H742
Word #: 6 of 8
aridai, a son of haman
וְאֵ֥ת׀ H853
וְאֵ֥ת׀
Strong's: H853
Word #: 7 of 8
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
וַיְזָֽתָא׃ and Vajezatha H2055
וַיְזָֽתָא׃ and Vajezatha
Strong's: H2055
Word #: 8 of 8
vajezatha, a son of haman

Analysis & Commentary

And Parmashta, and Arisai, and Aridai, and Vajezatha (וְאֵת פַּרְמַשְׁתָּא וְאֵת אֲרִיסַי וְאֵת אֲרִדַי וְאֵת וַיְזָתָא)—The final four sons complete the list of ten. Vajezatha (וַיְזָתָא), the youngest, closes the genealogy. The Hebrew tradition counts these names carefully—ten sons matching the ten talents of silver Haman offered to fund the genocide (3:9).

The number ten in Scripture often represents completeness of judgment (ten plagues in Egypt, ten northern tribes lost). Haman's complete line is cut off—a reversal of his plot to cut off Israel. Galatians 6:7 warns, 'God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.' Haman sowed destruction and reaped it completely.

Historical Context

Traditional Jewish scribal practice writes these ten names in a unique vertical format with enlarged letters, emphasizing their simultaneous execution and complete judgment. This event occurred on the 13th of Adar and is commemorated annually in Purim celebrations as God's deliverance of His people.

Questions for Reflection